Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob- hardened power module yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb uas tsim los ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv cov cheeb tsam hnyav uas muaj cov hluav taws xob ionizing. Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam, nws siv cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb hauv txhua yam los ntawm cov khoom siv nti thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob rau cov txheej txheem ntim khoom, ua kom lub zog txuas ntxiv, ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha rau cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej xws li qhov chaw thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear.
Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Radiation-Hardened Power Modules
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws xob- tsim kom muaj zog yog los tiv thaiv peb hom hluav taws xob loj- ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor: Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effect, Ib zaug -Event Effect (SEE) thiab Displacement Damage (DD).
1. Kev puas tsuaj hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
(1) Tag Nrho Ionizing Dose (TID) nyhuv
Txoj Cai:Ntev ntev raug rau ionizing hluav taws xob generates thiab accumulates nqi cuab nyob rau hauv oxide txheej ntawm semiconductor cov ntaub ntawv (xws li, lub rooj vag oxide txheej ntawm MOSFETs). Cov cuab yeej cuab tam no ua rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis zoo, xws li qhov pib voltage drift, nce to tam sim no thiab txo qis transconductance.
Kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob:Ua rau siab dua ntawm -tsis kam thiab qeeb qeeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog MOSFETs, qhov ua yuam kev hauv qhov kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tswj cov chips, thiab thaum kawg kev poob qis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog modules lossis txawm tias ua tsis tiav.
(2) Ib leeg -Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim (SEE)
Txoj Cai:High-cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li, protons, hnyav ions) nkag mus rau hauv cov nti thiab tsim cov nqi hnyav raws lawv txoj kev hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov xeev hauv Circuit Court.
Ib leeg -Qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab (SEU):Ua rau lub xeev logic flips (0 txog 1 lossis 1 txog 0) hauv kev nco lossis latches, ua rau cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev.
Ib qho -Qhov Kev Hloov Pauv (SET):Tsim ib qho tam sim no mem tes los yog voltage glitch nyob rau hauv sib xyaw logic los yog analog circuits.
Ib qho -Qhov Kev Ua Si Latchup (SEL):Ua rau cov kab mob parasitic thyristors hauv CMOS cov qauv, ua rau siab -tam sim no luv luv Circuit Court uas yuav hlawv tawm lub cuab yeej.
Ib -Event Burnout (SEB):Ncaj nraim ua rau kev tawg ntawm PN kev sib tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li MOSFETs) thiab thermal puas.
Kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob:Tej zaum yuav ua rau chaotic tswj logic, tam sim ntawd hloov pauv nyob rau hauv cov zis voltage, yuam kev nyob rau hauv PWM signals, thiab txawm mus tas li kho vajtse puas.
(3) Kev puas tsuaj (DD)
Txoj Cai:Siab- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib tsoo nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshem tawm lawv los ntawm lawv qhov chaw qub thiab ua rau cov lattice tsis xws luag. Cov kev tsis xws no ua raws li cov chaw recombination, txo lub neej ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom tsawg.
Kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob:Qhov cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv optoelectronic (piv txwv li, lub hnub ci hlwb, optocouplers) thiab bipolar transistors, ua rau poob qis hauv lawv qhov kev nce thiab kev ua haujlwm tam sim no.
2. Radiation-Hardened Design Technologies
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem saum toj no, hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawv tawv tau txais cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb:
(1) Chip-Level Hardening
Txheej txheem technology:Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshwj xeeb xws li Silicon- ntawm-Insulator (SOI) thev naus laus zis yog siv los cais cov kab mob parasitic transistors thiab hauv paus hauv paus rau ib leeg-Event Latchup (SEL).
Radiation- qauv tsim hluav taws xob:Nyob rau theem kev tsim hluav taws xob, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg (piv txwv li, triple modular redundancy), Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Kho (EDAC) circuits, thiab cov qauv tsim qauv tau txais yuav los txhim kho kev ua siab ntev rau Ib Leeg-Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim (SEE).
Radiation- siv cov khoom siv tawv tawv:Cov khoom tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, controllers, MOSFETs, diodes) yog tag nrho cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas nruj heev los yog muaj qhov "chaw{2}}qib" cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tsim rau hluav taws xob- cov ntawv siv tawv.
(2) Circuit Court thiab System-Level Hardening
Topology xaiv:Ntau qhov muaj zog thiab yooj yim dua cov qauv topological raug xaiv, nrog rau qhov muaj zog txaus thiab cov npoo tam sim no tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim.
Tswv yim thiab tswj lub voj hardening:Cov analog circuits tseem ceeb xws li cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov hluav taws xob thiab qhov yuam kev amplifiers tshwj xeeb yog tsim los ua rau lawv tsis hnov tsw rau parameter drift. Watchdog circuits thiab tshaj -voltage/over-cov haujlwm tiv thaiv tam sim no tau ntxiv los ua kom rov qab tsis siv neeg tom qab tshwm sim ntawm Ib Leeg- Txheej Txheem Teebmeem (SEE).
Redundancy tsim:Hauv cov tshuab tseem ceeb heev, ob lossis ntau lub zog ywj pheej ywj pheej tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha los ua haujlwm hauv lub ntsiab / standby lossis tam sim no -kev sib koom hom kom ua tiav qhov system- qib redundancy.
(3) Ntim thiab Layout Hardening
Tiv thaiv:High- cov ntaub ntawv ceev (xws li, tungsten, titanium alloy) yog siv los ua vaj tse los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau qee yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom:Radiation-cov ntim cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ceramic yog siv los hloov cov ntim ntim cov pa yas los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis roj tsim cov khoom ntim hauv qab hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, JLH28 series hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyuaj los ntawm ZITN Microelectronics txais yuav tuab- zaj duab xis hybrid integrated circuit technology los txhim kho kev ntseeg siab hauv qhov chaw huab cua.
layout optimization:Hauv PCB layout, cov kab mob cab uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm hluav taws xob raug txiav txim siab, thiab kev ntsuas raug coj los txo kev cuam tshuam rau cov nodes rhiab heev.
Kev siv hluav taws xob-Hardened Power Modules
Cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawv tawv feem ntau yog nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw nrog siab - siv hluav taws xob ionizing hluav taws xob.
1. Aerospace thiab Satellite Field (Cov Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb)
Qhov no yog lub lag luam loj tshaj plaws thiab ntau tshaj plaws rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv fais fab.
Artificial satellites:Fais fab tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm satellites xws li kev sib txuas lus payloads, khoos phis tawj, hnub qub trackers, thrusters thiab cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb. Satellites muaj nyob rau ntawm - orbit lifespan ntawm ob peb mus rau kaum xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm uas lawv tsis tu ncua raug rau Van Allen radiation txoj siv, hnub ci flares thiab cosmic rays.
Deep space probes:Xws li Mars rovers thiab Pluto probes. Tom qab ya tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb magnetic teb, lawv yuav ntsib lub zog cosmic hluav taws xob, imposing tsis tshua muaj siab xav tau ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab.
Manned spacecraft:Xws li qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab manned spaceships. Txhawm rau ua kom lub neej muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj thiab kev ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm, lawv lub zog siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg tau.
2. Nuclear Technology thiab Nuclear Industry Field
Nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag:Siv rau kev soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej, neeg hlau thiab tswj cov tshuab sab hauv lossis ib puag ncig nuclear reactors. Hauv kev teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev rau cov xwm txheej nuclear, hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv tawv tawv yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua haujlwm hauv siab - cov chaw hluav taws xob.
Nuclear pov tseg kev kho mob:Cov neeg hlau lossis cov cuab yeej siv tsis siv neeg rau kev kho cov khib nyiab nuclear xav tau hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawv.
Particle accelerators:Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv thiab ib puag ncig accelerator tunnels yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob thib ob uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
3. Siab -Altitude Field
High-altitude balloons / high-altitude long-endurance UAVs:Ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj stratospheric, qhov kev siv ntawm cosmic rays yog siab dua li hauv av, thiab qee qhov khoom siv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yuav xav tau hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, hluav taws xob- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyuaj yog "lub siab" thiab "lub zog" ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub siab - thev naus laus zis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tshawb nrhiav chaw thiab kev siv hluav taws xob nuclear. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov qauv tsim thiab cov qauv tsim, lawv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuab hluav taws xob tseem ceeb tseem tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog txuas ntxiv thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hluav taws xob tsis zoo, thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev txiav no - thev naus laus zis.
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